www.gambinyazimafrotechz.blogspot.com

www.gambinyazimafrotechz.blogspot.com

555 BASED FIRE ALARM + EXTINGUISHER PROJECT

Problem statement:Auto fire alarm + extinguisher circuit capable of operating as a stand alone system in cases of emergency fire outbreaks.

Functionality:
The circuit operates by making use of a single 555 timer as the main controller.A smoke detector is used as the circuit sensor which generates a 5V output upon detection of smoke.The voltage output is fed onto the BC547 base pin which triggers the transistor and drives it into saturation causing to produce a 12V signal on the collector terminal.The signal is supplied onto the 555 timer input terminal which triggers the internal comparators resulting in the output pin number 3 producing a 12V output that drives the LED,BUZZER and pump represented by the DC motor.
When The outputs are activated upon fire detection,an alarm is sent both visually and in the form form of sound through the led and the buzzer respectively.The LED is mostly utilized by those people within vicinity of the site of the detector whilst the buzzer alerts those people out of vicinity of the detector site.The buzzer also alerts other people outside the building or site of the fire outbreak making it easier for help to be accessed quickly.

Justification:The circuit makes use of very cheap and locally available components making it easier to construct and produce in mass quantities so that it becomes affordable to a large target group of consumers.Also,the circuit is less complicated since it makes use of non-programmable ICs.Socially the components used are environmentally friendly since there are no toxic discharges or emissions from the processes involved in the circuit functionality.

conclusion:For more detailed information email:aidgambinya@gmail.com/ visit the youtube channel:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fn2GhdSpTJY

Stack Register

• stack bottom The largest valid address of a stack. When a stack is initialized, the stack pointer points to the stack bottom.
• stack limit The smallest valid address of a stack. If the stack pointer gets smaller than this, then there's a stack overflow (this should not be confused with overflow from math operations).

A stack pointer is a small register that stores the address of the last program request in a stack.
A stack is a specialized buffer which stores data from top down to bottom.
As new requests come in, they "push down" the older ones. The most recently entered request always resides at the top of the stack, and the program always takes requests from the top.
A stack (also called a pushdown stack) operates in a last-in/first-out sense. When a new data item is entered or "pushed" onto the top of a stack, the stack pointer increments to the next physical memory address, and the new item is copied to that address. When a data item is "pulled" or "popped" from the top of a stack, the item is copied from the address of the stack pointer, and the stack pointer decrements to the next available item at the top of the stack.
Check out for the next post on bode plots and Nyquist plots
aidgambinya@gmail.com

Stack Register

• stack bottom The largest valid address of a stack. When a stack is initialized, the stack pointer points to the stack bottom.
• stack limit The smallest valid address of a stack. If the stack pointer gets smaller than this, then there's a stack overflow (this should not be confused with overflow from math operations).

A stack pointer is a small register that stores the address of the last program request in a stack.
A stack is a specialized buffer which stores data from top down to bottom.
As new requests come in, they "push down" the older ones. The most recently entered request always resides at the top of the stack, and the program always takes requests from the top.
A stack (also called a pushdown stack) operates in a last-in/first-out sense. When a new data item is entered or "pushed" onto the top of a stack, the stack pointer increments to the next physical memory address, and the new item is copied to that address. When a data item is "pulled" or "popped" from the top of a stack, the item is copied from the address of the stack pointer, and the stack pointer decrements to the next available item at the top of the stack.
Check out for the next post on bode plots and Nyquist plots
aidgambinya@gmail.com

THINKING OUT LOUDLY(# Gambinya Admire #2016 famous quotes)

#Behind Every Genius is a bunch of pathetic Haters and idiotic Morons...

#Hardwork and persistence takes you to the top...only discipline keeps you there...and it only takes       the laziest and pretiest woman's smile for a great man to fall down

#Humility doesn't mean denuciation of one's abilities or rights to freedom of bragging

#Only the dead understand the language of the dead

#The dirtiest and ugliest diamond will always be better than the Prittiest rock

#Give me true love and I will become both  poet and musician

BASIC PROJECT PROPOSAL LAYOUT FOR NATIONAL DIPLOMA AND NATIONAL CERTIFICATE ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING (HEXCO)

aidgambinya@gmail.com

PROJECT PROPOSAL

(NAME OF INSTITUTION)

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DIVISION NATIONAL DIPLOMA (COURSE) 2016

PROJECT PROPOSED

BY 

(STUDENT’S NAME)

Title                                         (Project title)

                                 Table of contents

Introduction                                                                                               1

Aim                                                                                                            2

Objectives                                                                                                  3

Block diagram                                                                                            4

Block diagram description                                                                         5

Circuit diagram                                                                                           6

Budget                                                                                                         7

Approval form                                                                                             8

(Spacing should be 1.5)

Introduction

Aim  

Objectives

Block diagram

Block diagram description

BUDGET

APPROVAL FORM

SUPERVISOR 1.................................................SIGNATURE..........................DATE.......................

SUPERVISOR 1.................................................SIGNATURE..........................DATE.......................

SUPERVISOR 1.................................................SIGNATURE..........................DATE.......................

COORDINATOR.................................................SIGNATURE..........................DATE.......................

Arduino Based Forward and Reverse Sliding Gate control using 3 phase motors and RFID with code

                                                                  Introduction                                                                                                              
  aidgambinya@gmail.com

The automated 3 phase forward and reverse sliding gate employs a microcontroller which controls the opening and closing of the sliding gate using radio frequency identification technology. This system focusses mainly on a control method which eliminates physical pressing of buttons to automatically open or close electric sliding gates and also helps in ensuring that only authorised personnel can gain access through the gate. This a security measure which controls criminal activities and unlawful passage through various entry points of restricted areas.

Aim  

To automatically control and monitor movement of the three phase induction motor sliding gate in both forward and reverse directions.

Objectives

       1)   To achieve contactless switching of the sliding gate controls

       2) To control the movement using limit switches

       3) To restrict entry to only authorised and registered personnel

Relevance to society

1) Elimination and control of unlawful entry into restricted and protected areas

2) Help control criminal activities through assigning detecting identities of registered individuals in an organisation or society

                                        Relevance to course

      1) Contactless switching of the inputs (start/stop) hence less wear and tear

   2) Economic as there are lower maintenance costs and any necessary changes can easily be implemented in software rather than in physical hardware

     3) Improved switching speed and reduced manual labour of physically switching the start and stop buttons

    4) Less space is occupied and also less power is consumed since controller uses low DC Power signals and the control components are contained on a small breadboard.

       5)Noiseless and user friendly control

Arduino based Incubator temperature and humidity control Project

aidgambinya@gmail.com

Problem Statement:Temperature and humidity measurement and control in a baby or chick incubator.

Introduction:Inside the incubator,optimum conditions must be maintained so as to achieve maximum and positive results,for example,there is need to maintain the proper temperature and humidity levels so as to avoid these parameters from reaching extreme values which may be detrimental to the health and growth of the biological organisms being monitored.This can be done manually by physically assigning a human being to monitor any changes in the aforementioned parameters and hence make appropriate corrective actions to maintain the optimum levels.
However due to man's inaccuracies and error,proper levels are usually difficult to maintain.Therefore,there is need for automatic and intelligent monitoring using sensors and microcontrollers and some alarms to alert the responsible authorities about any anomalies in the process.

Objective:Measure the humidity and temperature separately and triugger alarms also actuate the respective corrective devices to maintain optimum values.

                                                     
                                                        BLOCK DIAGRAM
Refer to above link







                                           BLOCK DIAGRAM FUNCTIIONALITY
On the input side,there are two sensors,the LM35 temperature sensor and the humidty sensor.The two sensors produce analog signals which are converted by the analogue to digital converter in the microcontroller.The analogue input channel is a 10 bit channel which accepts values from 0 to 1023 and these decimal values are converted into corresoponding digital values which are then converted into the equivalent temperature values using appropriate arithmetic logic.On the output side,two relays are actuated depending on the humidity or temperature value being read by the input channel of the Arduino Microcontroller.
If the temperature is above a set value,a relay is actuated which turns on a fan or air conditioner to regulate the temperature so as to maintain it at the desired level.Also if the humidity level is above a certain value,two fans are activated one for extraction of humid air from the incubator and the other one to blow in warm air so as to reduce the humidity level.